The BBC has travelled to a tent camp in the deserts of northern Sudan in army-controlled territory to hear first-hand the stories of those who escaped.
The team was monitored by the authorities throughout the visit.
The RSF has been fighting the regular army since April 2023 when a power struggle between them erupted into war.
Taking over el-Fasher was a major victory for the paramilitary group, pushing the army out of its last foothold in Darfur.
But, evidence of mass atrocities has drawn international condemnation and focused greater American attention on trying to end the conflict.
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